是(shi)用于工業冷處(chu)理方面的(de)，可以冷凍各種銅套(tao)、軸(zhou)承等材料，同時需注意材料的(de)腐蝕問題，盡量避免這(zhe)些(xie)腐蝕情況(kuang)。

　　所(suo)以金(jin)屬腐蝕(shi)是通(tong)過金(jin)屬和電解質相連接的陽(yang)和陰而產生(sheng)的電子因(yin)素(su)(su)。這種因(yin)素(su)(su)可(ke)以通(tong)過各種金(jin)屬（接觸(chu)腐蝕(shi)）、結構相（選擇(ze)性腐蝕(shi)）、通(tong)風和離(li)子濃(nong)度(du)（縫隙腐蝕(shi)和點(dian)蝕(shi)）引起。

　　在此過(guo)程中(zhong)，電位(wei)較(jiao)低的(de)金(jin)屬、結構相起到陽（金(jin)屬離子(zi)超過(guo)電解質）的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，電位(wei)較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)金(jin)屬起到陰表面（陽離子(zi)從(cong)電解質中(zhong)減(jian)少）的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。通過(guo)不同的(de)通風和(he)腐蝕產(chan)物(wu)的(de)沉淀，同一金(jin)屬表面也(ye)會形(xing)成局部陽和(he)陰。

　　金(jin)屬腐蝕過程中，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解質中金(jin)屬或(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導固體的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位只(zhi)能作為衡量參比電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位來測量，比電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)是一種通過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位外部電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)輕(qing)微改變(bian)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。參比電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位是指標(biao)準氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　自腐(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)（腐(fu)蝕(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)）是指電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)質金屬(shu)在沒有收到外(wai)部電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)影響的情況下所(suo)產生的電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)，蝕(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)（孔蝕(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)）是指引起點蝕(shi)（新的空穴(xue)不(bu)斷形成并持續增長(chang)）的臨界(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)。超低溫冷凍室(shi)小編建議，再鈍(dun)電化(hua)位是(shi)(shi)指用(yong)來停止(zhi)腐(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)，使孔穴再次(ci)鈍(dun)化(hua)的臨界電位，鈍(dun)化(hua)是(shi)(shi)指金屬從主動腐(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)狀(zhuang)態(tai)轉變(bian)為被動腐(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)狀(zhuang)態(tai)（被動性）的過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)。鈍(dun)化(hua)可以通過(guo)(guo)電化(hua)學或化(hua)學方(fang)式(shi)進行。

　　金屬(shu)(shu)處(chu)于穩定環境下(xia)時(shi)，陽金屬(shu)(shu)溶解速(su)度降(jiang)低(di)，電電位(wei)按照電位(wei)較高的(de)貴金屬(shu)(shu)的(de)變(bian)化值進行(xing)改(gai)變(bian)，或者氧化溶液的(de)濃度增加(jia)，這種情(qing)況稱為(wei)被動性 。

　　避(bi)免腐蝕的過程(cheng)中(zhong)，可以(yi)在金屬表面形成一個氧化(hua)膜(mo)，降低金屬溶(rong)解速度，可以(yi)讓材料抗(kang)腐蝕性(xing)能(neng)好，在超(chao)低溫冷凍室里保存效(xiao)果好。